NMDA receptor antagonists may protect the brain's nerve cells against excess amounts of glutamate, a messenger chemical released in large amounts by cells damaged by Alzheimer’s disease or certain other neurological disorders. The attachment of glutamate to cell surface "docking sites" called N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors permits calcium to flow freely into the cell, which in turn may lead to cell degeneration. NMDA receptor antagonists may prevent this destructive sequence by adjusting the activity of glutamate. Currently, there is only one NMDA receptor antagonist approved by the FDA:
Namenda® (Generic name: memantine)
Year Approved by the FDA: 2003
Effective for: Moderate to advanced Alzheimer’s disease
How it works: Blocks the toxic effects associated with excess glutamate and regulates glutamate activation.
Most common side effects: Dizziness, headache, constipation, confusion
Miscellaneous: There is some evidence that individuals with moderate to severe Alzheimer’s who are taking a cholinesterase inhibitor might benefit slightly more by also taking Namenda.
A thoughtful evaluation must be performed by a physician before taking any medications, over-the-counter drugs, supplements, or herbs. The American Health Assistance Foundation does not endorse any of these medications, vitamins, or herbs. A qualified physician should make an informed decision based on each person's medical history and current prescriptions. The medication summaries provided do not include all of the information important for patient use and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The prescribing physician should be consulted concerning any questions that you have.
The information provided in this section of our website was obtained from the National Institute on Aging.
Reviewed on 2/14/2007