Alzheimer's Disease Research - Current Award

	Biju K. Chandu, Ph.D. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio, TX, United States Title: iPS-Derived Microglia-Based Gene Therapy for Alzheimer's Non-Technical Title: A New Therapy Using Stem Cells to Halt or Reverse the Course of Alzheimer's Disease Co-Investigator(s): Senlin Li, M.D. (Mentor) University of Texas Health Science Center Robert A. Clark, M.D. (Mentor) University of Texas Health Science Center Mentor: Multiple mentors, listed above. Acknowledgements: This grant is made possible due to a generous bequest from the Estate of Frederick J. Pelda. Duration: July 1, 2011 - June 30, 2013 Award Type: Research Fellowship Award Amount: $100,000
Summary: Extracting bone marrow cells requires surgery, which may be strenuous or impossible for older patients. To meet large scale demand of bone marrow cells in clinical for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, we will generate bone marrow cells from blood, which we in turn genetically modify to secrete drugs once these cells migrate to the brain. This new approach is expected to contribute to the development of an important therapy for Alzheimer's.

Details:

Therapies using your own (self‐derived) bone marrow cells have promise for treating many different diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. This type of self‐recognizing stem cell therapy has an increased chance of success, because one can avoid the pesky problem of the immune system labeling the cells as foreign invaders and killing them before they have a chance to work. Dr. Biju Chandu and collaborators will be testing a new bone marrow cell treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. First, they will isolate white blood cells that roam freely in the easily-accessible blood vessels. These cells will in turn be genetically modified to become bone marrow cells and re-purposed to release anti-Alzheimer’s disease drugs. The modified cells are injected back in the blood stream, where they migrate to the parts of the brain that require treatment. After this new treatment is tested in cell culture and animals in this project, the researchers may then decide to move this technique into human clinical trials.

Investigator Biography:

Dr. Biju Chandu is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Medicine at the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio, Texas. He completed his doctoral studies in Neuroscience at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagpur University, India.  In 2004 he moved to the Neuroscience Program at Florida State University to do postdoctoral work with Prof. Debra Fadool. Some of his experiments with Prof. Fadool drew his attention to that fact that increasing the levels of certain neurotrophic factors might provide great benefit to people suffering from neurodegenerative diseases. To learn more about the impact neurotrophic factors might have on reversing the course of neurodegenerative diseases, he moved to the laboratory of Dr. Senlin Li at the University of Texas Health Science Center. At the Health Science Center Chandu has been collaborating with Dr. Li to develop and test neuroprotective therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases. 

Currently, they use bone marrow-derived macrophages as a cellular vehicle to deliver neurotrophic factors to the degenerating neurons. The use of macrophages to deliver neurotrophic factors is particularly attractive, given that these cells are capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, after which they differentiate into microglia and are preferentially recruited in large numbers to sites of neurodegeneration. They are also performing experiments to determine whether different kinds of neurotrophic factors have more and less beneficial effects.  Extracting bone marrow requires surgery, which may be strenuous or impossible for older patients. To address the issue, they have begun working on generating macrophages using induced pluripotent stem cell technology.